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Fluorescent Thiol Protein Labeling

Maleimides of Fluorescent Dyes enable one-step labeling & detection of both proteins (e.g. antibodies) and any other Thiol-containing macromolecules.

In general, Thiol Labeling is more specific than Amine Labeling due to the relatively low abundance of cysteines compared to lysines. Since however, appearance of cysteines and lysines varies among different proteins, the amino acid sequence and tertiary structure of the protein of interest must be analyzed prior to deciding on the labeling strategy. The intended application of the fluorescent protein also determines the labeling strategy. Amine labeling is used for immunochemistry whereas Thiol labeling is preferred for investigating structure, function and protein interaction.

Emission Color Products Abs max. [nm] Em max. [nm] Replacement for
blue-green Atto 425 Protein Labeling Kit for thiol groups 436 484 DEAC: 430 / 477 nm
green Atto 488 Protein Labeling Kit for thiol groups 501 523 Alexa Fluor 488: 495 / 519 nm
Fluorescein (FITC): 495 / 520 nm
FAM: 495 / 520 nm
Oregon Green 514: 506 / 526 nm
Rhodamine green: 503 / 528 nm
Rhodamine 123: 507 / 529 nm
yellow-
green
Atto 532 Protein Labeling Kit for thiol groups 532 553 Alexa Fluor 532: 531 / 554 nm
Bodipy 530/550: 534 / 554 nm
yellow Atto 550 Protein Labeling Kit for thiol groups 554 576 Alexa Fluor 555: 555 / 565 nm
Cy 3: 550 / 570 nm
Alexa Fluor 546: 556 / 573 nm
TAMRA: 546 / 576 nm
Rhodamine Red: 560 / 580 nm
Spectrum Orange: 559 / 588 nm
orange Atto 590 Protein Labeling Kit for thiol groups 594 624 Alexa Fluor 594: 590 / 617 nm
Alexa Fluor 610: 612 / 628 nm
red Atto 647N Protein Labeling Kit for thiol groups 644 669 Alexa Fluor 647: 650 / 665 nm
Cy 5: 643 / 667 nm
near-IR Atto 655 Protein Labeling Kit for thiol groups 663 684 Alexa Fluor 660: 664 / 691 nm
Cy 5.5: 675 / 694 nm