(1) NTC – An efficient marker for broad spectrum of organisms
(2) NTC – Background and mechanism of action

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Nourseotricin (NTC, sometimes termed clonNAT) is an excellent selection antibiotic for genetic modification of a wide range of organisms including bacteria, yeast, fungi, protozoa, microalgae, and plant cells (Table 1). NTC is highly soluble in water and long-term stable as powder or solution. It shows no or very low background, no cross-reactivity and no cross-resistance with therapeutic antibiotics.

Group	Species	MIC* µg/ml	Selection concentration µg/ml
Gram-negative bacteria	Agrobacterium tumefaciens		100
	Escherichia coli	2-12	50
	Francisella tularensis		50
	Pseudomonas aeruginosa	50	100
Gram-positive bacteria	Bacillus subtilis	5	50
	Enterococcus faecium	8-256	500
	Staphylococcus aureus	2-12	50
Streptomycetes	Streptomyces lividans	6	100
Yeast	Candida albicans	200	250-450
	Hansenula polymorpha		100
	Kluyveromyces lactis		50
	Pichia pastoris		100
	Saccharomyces cerevisiae	25	75-100
	Schizosaccharomyces pombe	40	100
Other Ascomycota	Acremonium chrysogenum		25
	Aspergillus nidulans		120
	Cryphonectria parasitica		100
	Neurospora crassa		200
	Penicillium chrysogenum		150-200
	Podospora anserina		50
	Sordaria macrospora		50
	Trichophyton mentagrophytes		50
Basidiomycota	Cryptococcus neoformans		100
	Schizophyllum commune	3	8
	Ustilago maydis		75-100
Protozoa	Leishmania tarentolae, major etc.		100
	Phytomonas serpens		100
	Plasmodium falciparum	75**
	Toxoplasma gondii		500
Microalgae	Phaeodactylum tricornutum		50-250
	Thalassiosira pseudonana		100
Plants	Arabidopsis thaliana	20	50-200
	Daucus carota		100
	Lotus corniculatus		50
	Nicotiana tabacum		100
	Oryza sativa	20	200

* MIC: Minimal inhibitory concentration
** IC50: Concentration inhibiting growth by 50%

NTC is a streptothricin antibiotic produced by Streptomyces noursei. Its antibiotic effect is based on inhibition of protein biosynthesis and induction of miscoding. Resistance to NTC is conferred by bacterial sat1 or Streptomyces nat1 marker genes. The product of the marker genes - Nouresothricin N-acetyltransferase - inactivates NTC by monoacetylation of an amino group of the β-lysine residue. NTC exerts no cross-reactivity with other aminoglycosid antibiotics such as Hygromycin or Geneticin.

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  www.jenabioscience.com/images/625337ef95/NTC_superior_selection_tool.pdf

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