Small GTPases (Ras Superfamily)  |  Heterotrimeric G-Proteins  |  GEFs (Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors)  |  GAPs (GTPase Activation Proteins)  |  GTPase Effectors  |  Protein Prenyl Transferases  |  GPCRs (G-Protein Coupled Receptors)  |  Importins  |  GTPase Activity Assay | GTPase Activation Kits

Make sure you also check out our GTPase Activation Kits, providing rapid, cost-effective and reliable tools for the detection and semi-quantitative analysis of the cellular activation state of several GTPases!

Simplified Illustration of GTP Signal Transduction

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Each of the human body's 10¹³ cells has to react constantly to external signals and to signals of other cells. The recognition, processing and transduction of these signals by intracellular signaling pathways regulate nearly all biological processes, e.g. metabolism, growth, proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation. The interference or dysfunction of signaling pathways may lead to strong disturbances of the normal cell functions and even to the transition of a normal cell into a tumor cell.

Many signal transduction processes are regulated by GTP binding proteins (G-proteins) like small GTPases of the Ras superfamily or heterotrimeric G-proteins. The G-proteins act as molecular switches cycling between an inactive GDP-bound state and an active GTP-bound state.