GTPases of the Ras superfamily represent a group of more than fifty proteins that function as molecular switches controlling a variety of signaling and transport pathways essential for numerous cellular functions. They were grouped, according to sequence homologies, into five principal branches: Ras family, Rab family, Ran family, Rho/Rac/Cdc42 family and Sar1/Arf family.

Mutations in Ras proteins that block them in a constitutively active state are found in 30 to 60% of human malignancies. Ras-proteins have a molecular mass of 21 kDa. Suitable as a substrate for farnesyltransferase.

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