Catalog CyanotoxinsCyanotoxins
 
 
Microcystis aeruginosa
Microscopic image (40x) of Microcystis aeruginosataken from a German freshwater lake
Blooms of cyanobacteria in freshwater lakes and brackish waters are a recurrent phenomenon throughout the world. An excessive growth of several blue green algae often increases the production of inherent toxins such as microcystins (MCs) and nodularins (NODs) which cause acute poisonings of fish, birds and mammals, including humans. As a consequence, monitoring of fresh water sources, drinking water as well as dietary supplements based on freshwater algae will gain increasing attention of authorities to ensure consumer safety. A guideline value of 1 µg/L MC-LR equivalent in drinking water has been set by the WHO.

Jena Bioscience offers selected cyanotoxin reference substances. Blooms of the cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, Nodularia spumigena and Planktothrix rubescens of freshwater lakes in Germany and the Baltic Sea, respectively, served as source for our economically priced microcystins. The reference substances will be delivered in quantities of 10 or 25 µg of the corresponding cyanotoxin dissolved in methanol. The purity was determined by HPLC-UV and LC-MS/MS.
 

[Asp3;Dhb7]microcystin-RR    
Product Cat. No. Amount Price (EUR) Buy / Note    
1ml pack MC-106-10 1 ml
(10 µg/ml)		 194,80    Add this product to your notepad  
4 x 1ml pack MC-106-40 4 x 1 ml
(10 µg/ml)		 701,28    Add this product to your notepad

 
Microcystin-LR    
Product Cat. No. Amount Price (EUR) Buy / Note    
1 ml pack MC-101-25 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 25,30    Add this product to your notepad  
4 x 1 ml pack MC-101-100 4 x 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 91,10    Add this product to your notepad

 
Microcystin-RR    
Product Cat. No. Amount Price (EUR) Buy / Note    
1 ml pack MC-102-25 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 48,90    Add this product to your notepad  
4 x 1 ml pack MC-102-100 4 x 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 176,10    Add this product to your notepad

 
Microcystin-YR    
Product Cat. No. Amount Price (EUR) Buy / Note    
1 ml pack MC-103-25 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 152,40    Add this product to your notepad  
4 x 1 ml pack MC-103-100 4 x 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 548,64    Add this product to your notepad

 
Microcystin-WR    
Product Cat. No. Amount Price (EUR) Buy / Note    
1 ml pack MC-104-25 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 184,30    Add this product to your notepad  
4 x 1 ml pack MC-104-100 4 x 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 663,50    Add this product to your notepad

 
Nodularin    
Product Cat. No. Amount Price (EUR) Buy / Note    
1 ml pack MC-105-25 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 42,30    Add this product to your notepad  
4 x 1 ml pack MC-105-100 4 x 1 ml
(25 µg/ml)		 152,30    Add this product to your notepad

 
Selected references:
[1] Van Apeldoorn et al. (2007) Toxins of cyanobacteria. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 51:7.
[2] Hiller et al. (2007) Rapid detection of cyanobacterial toxins in precursor ion mode by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. J. Mass. Spectrom. 42:1238.
[3] Honkanen et al. (1990) Characterization of microcystin-LR, a potent inhibitor of type 1 and type 2A protein phosphatases. J. Biol. Chem. 256:19401.
[4] Humpage et al. (2000) Microcystins (cyanobacterial toxins) in drinking water enhance the growth of aberrant crypt foci in the mouse colon. J. Toxicol. Env. Health. A 61:155.
[5] Ikehara et al. (2009) The effect of structural variation in 21 microcystins on their inhibition of PP2A and the effect of replacing cys269 with glycine. Toxicon 54:539.
[6] Pichardo et al. (2007) Acute and subacute toxic effects produced by microcystin-YR on the fish cell lines RTG-2 and PLHC-1. Toxicol. In Vitro 21:1460.
[7] Wolf et al. (2002) Toxicity assessment of cyanobacterial toxin mixture. Environ. Toxicol. 17:395.
[8] Yin, et al. (2005) Microcystin-RR-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species and alteration of antioxidant systems in tobacco BY-2 cells. Toxicon 46:507.
[9] Mazur-Marzec et al. (2006) Characterization of nodularin variants in Nodularia spumigena from the Baltic Sea using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 20:2023.


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